Materials catalog
Search for a material by EN, DIN, AISI/SAE, AMS, ASTM, UNE, JIS, GB/T, GOST or commercial name and consult its complete file.
Each sheet includes indicative chemical composition, density, strength, hardness, elastic modulus, thermal conductivity, weldability, corrosion resistance, typical uses and shop machining notes. You can also compute the weight and estimated cost of a raw bar from its density, and jump straight to the Vc/feed calculator when the material has cutting data.
Indicative reference data. Always check the supplier's mill certificate (3.1) before using them on critical parts.
Material finder
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Indicative chemical composition (%)
Mechanical properties
Densidad
7.85 g/cm³
Resistencia a tracción (Rm)
340-470 MPa
Límite elástico (Re)
≥235 MPa
Alargamiento (A%)
≥26 %
Dureza
120-150 HB
Módulo elástico (E)
210 GPa
Módulo cortante (G)
80.8 GPa
Thermal properties
Punto de fusión
~1450-1520 °C
Conductividad térmica
50 W/m·K
Dilatación térmica
12 µm/m·K
Electrical and machinability
Resistividad eléctrica
0.17 µΩ·m
Maquinabilidad
Buena (índice 65)
Soldabilidad: Excelente (bajo carbono)
Corrosion resistance: It goes down without protection, it oxidizes in the air
Heat treatable: No
Workshop behavior
Magnetic: Sí
Refrigerante recomendado: Emulsión soluble (taladrina) 5-8%; aceite entero en roscado o brochado.
Control de viruta: Viruta continua en espiral; usa rompevirutas en desbaste para evitar enredos.
Rugosidad Ra alcanzable: 0.8-3.2 µm
Resistencia a fatiga: Buena; límite de fatiga orientativo ≈45% de Rm en flexión rotativa.
Resistencia al impacto: Buena tenacidad a temperatura ambiente; revisa el servicio en frío extremo.
Usos habituales
- Estructuras soldadas
- sheet and rolled sections
- piezas soldadas de bastidor
Machining notes and operator tips
Soft and ductile steel; It tends to form a burr and contribution edge with low Vc. Good generic reference steel.
Vc · Torno (metal duro, corte medio): 200-350 m/min
Vc · Fresado (metal duro, corte medio): 200-350 m/min
- Usa plaquitas con rompevirutas en desbaste para evitar virutas largas que se enreden en la pieza o el husillo.
- En desbaste prioriza profundidad de pasada alta con avance moderado; en acabado sube Vc y baja el avance.
- Si aparece filo de aportación en pasadas de acabado muy finas, sube ligeramente la Vc en vez de bajarla.
Adjust Vc per tool, cut type and shop pace in the Vc/feed calculator ↑.
Calculate weight and cost of raw bar
Peso estimado
2.466 kg
Materiales de la misma familia
What are material equivalences and what are they for?
Las equivalencias de materiales relacionan designaciones de distintas normas (EN, DIN, AISI/SAE, UNE, JIS, UNS, AMS, ASTM, AFNOR, BS, GB/T, GOST, ISO) y nombres comerciales usados en taller. que describen aleaciones o grados similares. En taller se usan para identificar un semielaborado en almacén, cotizar sustitutos, comparar maquinabilidad o cruzar un plano extranjero con stock local. No son sustituciones automáticas: siempre conviene contrastar certificado, tratamiento y aplicación.
Most used standards and designations
EN and Werkstoffnummer
The European system combines a material number (1.xxxx) with a chemical designation (X5CrNi18-10, 42CrMo4). It is the usual reference in certificates and purchasing within the EU.
AISI, SAE and UNS
Very common on North American drawings and global catalogs (304, 4140, 6061-T6). UNS adds a unified code (S30400, G41400) useful for databases and traceability.
UNE and JIS
Spanish (UNE) and Japanese (JIS) designations show up on local drawings or Asian supplies. Map them to EN or AISI to compare composition and stock availability.
AMS, ASTM y otras regionales
In aerospace and defence it is common to order by AMS (e.g. AMS 5666 ≈ Inconel 625). ASTM covers product forms (sheet, bar, tube). AFNOR, BS, GB/T and GOST appear in French, British, Chinese and Russian supplies.
Certificates and traceability
The 3.1 certificate (EN 10204) attests to tests on the delivered batch. On regulated parts, designation equivalence does not replace verifying the declared composition, hardness and treatment.
Material families in this library
Carbon and alloy steels
It covers structural steels (S235, C45), case-hardening steels (16MnCr5, 20MnCr5) and quench-and-temper steels (42CrMo4, 34CrNiMo6). Machinability depends heavily on the as-supplied condition (+AR, +QT, normalised).
Stainless and special steels
Austenitic (304, 316), ferritic, martensitic, PH and duplex. They differ in work hardening, coolant needs and feed strategy to avoid rubbing.
Aluminum, copper and non-ferrous
Aluminum series (6061, 7075, 5083), bronzes and brasses. Watch the alloy, temper and silicon or copper content: they change Vc, insert geometry and roughing strategy.
Casting, titanium and superalloys
Grey and ductile iron, titanium, nickel and cobalt for demanding applications. They usually need dedicated tooling, conservative feeds and strict coolant control.
Frequently asked questions about material equivalences
Is an EN 1.4301 material exactly the same as AISI 304?
They are reference equivalents widely used on the shop floor, but they do not guarantee identical chemistry or identical mechanical properties across suppliers or standards. For critical parts, check the 3.1 certificate, composition, hardness and heat treatment before swapping one designation for another.
What is the difference between Werkstoffnummer, DIN and EN?
The Werkstoff number (e.g. 1.7131) identifies the alloy in the German/European system. The historic DIN designation (e.g. 16MnCr5) describes the composition. Current EN standards unify European designations, but all three forms still coexist on drawings and in stores.
How do I choose a substitute if the plan only indicates a trademark?
First look up the equivalent standard designation (EN, AISI or DIN) and compare machinability, hardness, treatment and application. Trade brands can differ in microstructure or additives; do not assume direct interchangeability without the supplier's datasheet.
What is the 3.1 certificate according to EN 10204 for?
The 3.1 certifies that the delivered batch meets the specification ordered, with tests carried out on the material supplied. It is the usual reference for machining regulated parts. It does not replace shop-floor process validation (treatment, grinding, welding).
Why do Vc, feed and tool change between two “equivalent” materials?
Standard equivalence does not imply the same cutting behaviour: variations in carbon, inclusions, as-supplied hardness or treatment change machinability, wear and finish. Use each material's datasheet for indicative parameters and fine-tune at the machine.
Related tools
Hardness converter
Converts shop hardnesses: HRC, HRB, HRA, HRD, superficial N/T, Brinell, Vickers, Knoop, Shore HS and Rm. Also from the typical hardness of the GetGCode materials catalog.
Cutting parameters calculator
Recommendation of Vc, RPM, feeds and theoretical roughness for lathe, milling, drilling and threading depending on material and tool. Ideal to get the starting point.
Machining quote
Instant machining quote: material, machine time, setup per batch, secondary operations and margin. Free, no sign-up.